@article { author = {Kumar Bose, Lotan}, title = {Broadening gene pool of rice for resistance to biotic stresses through wide hybridization}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {3}, number = {3}, pages = {140-143}, year = {2005}, publisher = {National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran}, issn = {1728-3043}, eissn = {2322-2921}, doi = {}, abstract = {Variability in the cultivated germplasm for economic traits such as resistance to rice tungro virus, sheathblight, yellow stem borer, drought and salt tolerance is limited. This necessitated search for the genes in secondary and tertiary gene pool of genus Oryza. Fortunately, wild species are an important reservoir ofuseful genes for resistance to major disease, pest and tolerance to abiotic stresses. Wide hybridization inOryza is normally difficult to achieve because many wild species of genus Oryza are difficult to cross withcultivated rice because of difference in chromosome number or genetic constitution. Fertilization may occur,but the embryo is aborted. Embryo rescue is used to maintain the hybrid embryos and F1s through severalcycles of back crosses until fertility is restored. Interspecific hybridization has been attempted by anumber of workers and resulting hybrids and progenies have been used for taxonomic and phylogenicanalysis with limited efforts to transfer desirable traits from wild species to cultivated rice. Transfer of grassystunt virus resistance from one accession of O. nivara has been achieved successfully. Another speciesbelonging to the AA genome, O. longistaminata has been exploited for transfer bacterial blight resistancegene to cultivated rice. Wild species with genomes non-homologous to the AA genome of O. sativa suchas O. officinalis (CC), O. australiensis (EE) and O.minuta (BBCC) possessing resistance to brown planthooper, white backed planthopper, bacterial blight and blast have been used to transfer these desirable alien traits to cultivated rice. Therefore, wide hybridization is one of the key components in programme aiming at transferring alien genes from diverse sources surmounting sexual barriers. Advances in embryo rescue, anther culture, chromosome engineering and genetics have facilitated in the transfer of genes and in precise monitoring and characterization of alien introgression from different genomes of Oryza into cultivated rice. Integrating conventional breeding with advanced methods of alien introgression offers great potent to develop disease and insect resistant varieties.}, keywords = {Oryza sativa,Wide hybridization,Amphidiploidy, Aneuploidy,Cytoplasmic male sterility}, url = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6967.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6967_d8361747e274ece445c139651b6573e0.pdf} } @article { author = {Ganesan, Markkandan and Jayabalan, Narayanasamy}, title = {In vitro plant regeneration from the callus of shoot tips in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. SVPR 2)}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {3}, number = {3}, pages = {144-151}, year = {2005}, publisher = {National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran}, issn = {1728-3043}, eissn = {2322-2921}, doi = {}, abstract = {A high efficiency shoot organogenesis from callus cultures and plant establishment protocol has been developed for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv SVPR-2) through shoot tip. After 6 weeks of culture, green-compact-nodular organogenic callus induction was observed on the medium fortified with (MS) basal salts, B5 vitamins, 2.0 mgl-1 of benzylaminopurine (BAP), 1.0 mgl-1 kinetin (KN), 30 gl-1 glucose and 8 gl-1 agar. The highest rate of shoot proliferation was achieved at 12th week and 8.6 shoots were produced per callus clump. Among the different concentrations tested media fortified with MS salts, B5 vitamins, 2 isopentynyl adenine(2-iP) (1.5 mgl-1), gibberellic acid (GA3) (0.6 mgl-1), glutamine (25 mgl-1) and glucose (30 gl-1) showed best response for multiple shoot proliferation from the induced callus. All the in vitro regenerated shoots were rooted on the medium fortified with MS salts, B5 vitamins, 30 gl-1 sucrose, 8 gl-1 agar and 1.5 mgl-1 of indole butyric acid (IBA). The regenerated plantlets, with tertiary roots are considered as matured plantlets and they were hardened on paper pots containing sand, soil and vermiculite in 1:1:1 ratio. The hardenedplants showed 85% survival rate and showed parental phenotypic characters.}, keywords = {Basal callus,organogenesis,Rooting,Hardening,Auxins cytokinins}, url = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6966.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6966_d781ada34ac07dc407ef3fd4f66bf9d4.pdf} } @article { author = {Arvin, Mohammad Javad and Habib, Ahsan and Donnelly, Danielle J.}, title = {Effects of calcium concentrations in medium on microtuberization of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {3}, number = {3}, pages = {152-156}, year = {2005}, publisher = {National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran}, issn = {1728-3043}, eissn = {2322-2921}, doi = {}, abstract = {It is now widely accepted that calcium (Ca) deficiency is linked to potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber disorders and improved tuber health is expected through increased Ca availability. The purpose of this study was to optimize the Ca concentration in Murashige-Skoog (MS) basal medium for microtuber production and determine microtuber mineral composition, especially Ca content. The response of cultivars ‘Bintje’ and ‘Russet Burbank’ to the Ca concentration in the media including 3 (control), 10, 15, 20, or 25 mM was differentfor most parameters measured. Ca at 10 mM concentration improved overall performance of ‘Bintje’ but not‘Russet Burbank’, compared to controls (3 mM Ca). Higher levels of Ca in the medium were somewhat toxic to both cultivars. Increased Ca concentration in the medium did not affect final shoot fresh weight (SFW) in ‘Bintje’ but reduced it in ‘Russet Burbank’ compared with control medium. Ten mM Ca increased microtuber number by 19% in both cultivars. It also increased microtuber fresh weight by 19.5% in ‘Bintje’ with no effect on ‘Russet Burbank’. Mean tuber weight was not affected in ‘Bintje’ but was decreased by 17% in ‘RussetBurbank’. Harvest index in both cultivars was slightly improved at 10 mM Ca but higher levels reduced this index significantly. Microtuber tissue Ca content was greatly increased by Ca treatment in both cultivars. Maximum increase was observed at 15 mM Ca (70%) and 10 mM Ca (61%) in ‘Bintje’ and ‘Russet Burbank’, respectively. Ten mM Ca also increased P (25%) and K (19%), in ‘Bintje’ whereas in ‘Russet Burbank’ only P was increased up to 20% at this level of Ca. Unlike Zn, accumulation of other microelements were affected rather differently in two cultivars. Ten mM Ca had no reducing effects on Fe, Mn and Cu accumulation in‘Bintje’ whereas it had significant reducing effects in ‘Russet Burbank’. It is concluded that the conventional concentration of Ca in MS medium (3 mM) is not high enough for optimum microtuberization. Hence, it appears that optimization of the Ca concentration is necessary for each cultivar.}, keywords = {Calcium optimization,Microtuberization,MS Medium,Potato}, url = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6949.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6949_dcc504526ec5eec786726d1ed03a2b6a.pdf} } @article { author = {Montazeri, Maryam and Houshmand, Massoud and Shariat Panahi, Mehdi Shafa and Noohi, Freidoon and Givtaj, Nozar and Sanati, Mohammad Hossein and Zaklyazminskaya, Elena V.}, title = {Investigation of Polymorphisms in Non-Coding Region of Human Mitochondrial DNA in 31 Iranian Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) Patients}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {3}, number = {3}, pages = {157-162}, year = {2005}, publisher = {National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran}, issn = {1728-3043}, eissn = {2322-2921}, doi = {}, abstract = {The D-loop region is a hot spot for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) alterations, containing two hypervariable segments, HVS-I and HVS-II. In order to identify polymorphic sites and potential genetic background accounting for Hypertrophic CardioMyopathy (HCM) disease, the complete non-coding region of mtDNA from 31 unrelated HCM patients and 45 normal controls were sequenced. The sequences were aligned upon the revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS) and any incompatibilities were recorded as numerical changes in homoPolymeric C Tract (PCT), single base substitutions, insertions and deletions (Indels). Nucleotide substitutions were found to make up the majority of the mutations, rather than indels. We drew significantlyhigh transition rate (81.8%) versus lower frequency of transversions (18.2%). 12 polymorphisms were identified in this study which had not been published in the MitoMap database. PCT changes at position 303-309 were detected in 83% of our samples. Our results suggest that an increased level of HVS-I and HVS-II substitutions may be an indicator of mitochondrial DNA instability. Furthermore, mtDNA mutationsmay play an important role in pathogenesis of cardiac arrest which has remained unexplained for long.}, keywords = {MtDNA,Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM),D-loop,HVS-I,HVS-II}, url = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6950.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6950_bbbdfc144adb120384af50dcb77d1b06.pdf} } @article { author = {Mowla, Seyed Javad and Emadi Baygi, Modjtaba and Ziaee, Seyed Amir Mohsen and Atlasi, Yaser and Nikpoor, Parvane}, title = {Evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of urine survivin as a new molecular marker in diagnosis of bladder tumors}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {3}, number = {3}, pages = {163-169}, year = {2005}, publisher = {National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran}, issn = {1728-3043}, eissn = {2322-2921}, doi = {}, abstract = {Bladder cancer is one of the most common forms of cancers in the world. The current gold standards for itsdiagnosis are cystoscopy and urine cytology. Cystoscopy, a naked eye assessment of the bladder, is invasive, uncomfortable and costly with a great deal of personal variability in its results; while urine cytology has high specificity but low sensitivity, particularly for low-grade lesions. Therefore, there is a need for a molecular tumor marker assay capable of detecting bladder cancer with high sensitivity and specificity. A growing list of tumor markers in urine has been introduced so far, but neither of them has been able to replace the current diagnostic methods. Survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) capable of regulating both cell proliferation and apoptosis, has been recently defined as a universal tumor antigen and as the fourth most significant transcript expressed in human tumors. It has been reported to have 100% sensitivity and 95% specificity for detection of bladder cancer. In the present study, the sensitivity and specificity of survivin as a tumor marker in detecting new and recurrent cases of bladder cancer has been evaluated by nested RT-PCR technique. Our results revealed that survivin could be detected in most patients (11/13, sensitivity=0.84) as well as some healthy volunteers with no obvious sign of bladder cancer (6/13, specificity=0.53). Also, in this work, for the first time, the presence of two alternatively spliced variants of survivin (survivin-2B and survivin-ΔEx3) urine is being reported. Interestingly, the presence of survivin-ΔEx3 was better correlated with malignant lesions of bladder compared to the survivin expression (sensitivity=0.84, specificity=0.92).}, keywords = {Survivin,Tumor marker,bladder cancer,Urine, RT-PCR}, url = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6968.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6968_7cc8c3740d8093819b31496a0d67c2e4.pdf} } @article { author = {Ayat, Hoda and Rastgo, Nasrin and Jahanzad, Eissa and Sadghizadeh, Majid and Arbabi, Mehdi}, title = {Construction of human recombinant ScFv phage libraries from the advanced stages of breast carcinoma patients}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {3}, number = {3}, pages = {170-179}, year = {2005}, publisher = {National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran}, issn = {1728-3043}, eissn = {2322-2921}, doi = {}, abstract = {Advances in the field of antibody engineering, and the emergence of powerful screening technology such as filamentous phage display allowed to generate fully human antibodies with high affinities against virtually any desired target from immune or even naIve human repertoires. As a result, the immunogenicity problems related to applications of nonhuman based recombinant antibodies as therapeutic reagents in human were bypassed. In this study, we constructed large human immunoglobulin libraries from the lymph nodes of breast carcinomas patients in two different formats of single-chain fragments of variable domains (scFv) of antibodies. The heterogeneity of the libraries were tested by restriction enzyme analysis and sequencing on DNA samples of randomly selected colonies. Functional expression of the selected scFv molecules in E. coli was demonstrated by Western blotting. Phage rescue and panning of these libraries against the candidate tumor antigens will lead to the identification of novel human scFvs for tumor detection and pave the way towards the generation of a fully human IgG with desired effector functions for possible future tumor therapy.}, keywords = {Human antibody library,single chain antibody,phage display,CEA,c-erbB2}, url = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6951.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6951_89d0ac3415ef7b76e5defa2e53777cfa.pdf} } @article { author = {Saffar, Behnaz and Yakhchali, Bagher and Arbabi, Mehdi}, title = {Enhanced bioadsorption of cadmium and nickel by E. coli displaying a metal binding motif using CS3 fimbriae}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {3}, number = {3}, pages = {180-185}, year = {2005}, publisher = {National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran}, issn = {1728-3043}, eissn = {2322-2921}, doi = {}, abstract = {Display of peptides on the surface of bacteria offers many new and exciting applications in biotechnology. Fimbriae is a good candidate for epitope display on the surface of bacteria. The potential of CS3 fimbriae of enterotoxigenic E. coli as a display system has been investigated. A novel cell surface display system with metal binding property was developed by using CS3 fimbriae. Short metal binding peptide, Gly-Cys- Gly-Cys-Pro- Cys- Gly- Cys- Gly as a cysteine rich peptide, was inserted into CS3 fimbriae and displayed on thesurface of E. coli. Bacteria expressing hybrid pili with cysteine rich peptide could adsorb 392.5, 510 and 905 nmol of Ni2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ per mg (dry weight) of cells, respectively, which are five-fold (nickel) and three-fold (cadmium) more than E. coli expressing native pili. Thus, expression of Cysrich peptide enables bacteria to act as a metalloaffinity adsorbent. These results open the possibility for biosorption of heavy metal ions using engineered microorganisms.}, keywords = {Bacterial surface display,CS3 pili,Biosorbent,Nickle,Cadmium,heavy metals,Cysteine-rich metal binding peptide}, url = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6953.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6953_5e7c0723da8c03530e9117e90f1e8109.pdf} } @article { author = {Ali Ahmed, Abdul Bakrudeen and Gouthaman, Thangarajan and Suryanarayana Rao, Adhikarla and Venkateswara Rao, Mandali}, title = {Micropropagation of Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene: An important medicinal plant}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {3}, number = {3}, pages = {186-190}, year = {2005}, publisher = {National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran}, issn = {1728-3043}, eissn = {2322-2921}, doi = {}, abstract = {Nodal explants of Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene, were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different combination and concentration of cytokinins and auxins for multiple shoots regeneration. The maximum numbers of shoots were found in MS medium supplemented with2.5 mgl-16-benzylaminopurine (BA) and 0.5 mgl-1 kinetin (KN). Elongated shoots were transferred to rooting medium containing quarter strength or half strength or full strength MS medium supplemented with Indole acetic acid (IAA) or Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Highly efficient roots were promoted on half strength MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mgl-1Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Rooted plantlets were successfullyacclimatized and established in soil. This protocol could be very useful for mass cultivation of phyla nodiflora(L.). In present study, we have established higher frequency of shoot regeneration from nodal explants of phyla nodiflora (L.).}, keywords = {Phyla nodiflora,Nodal explants,MS medium, Rooting,Hardening}, url = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6954.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6954_cf363d36249dc9d8298d3d6eefdcc79b.pdf} } @article { author = {Alipanah, Masoud and Kalashnikova, Lobov and Rodionov, Gendi}, title = {Kappa-casein genotypic frequencies in Russian breeds Black and Red Pied cattle}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {3}, number = {3}, pages = {191-194}, year = {2005}, publisher = {National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran}, issn = {1728-3043}, eissn = {2322-2921}, doi = {}, abstract = {Casein is a family of milk proteins that exists in several molecular forms and is the main protein present inthe bovine milk. The B variant of bovine k-casein is reported to be favorable for quality and quantity of cheese derived from milk and considered to be included in breeding strategies of dairy cattle. Genotypes of72 Russian Black Pied and 80 Red Pied cows were determined for kappa casein locus by restriction fragmentlength polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP) of amplified DNA. A 530 bp. fragment of the genomic bovine kappa casein gene was amplified by PCR. Digests by Hind III thus genotypes AA, AB and BB, were recognized by agarose gel electrophoresis. This technique was used to determine the kappa casein allelic frequency in Black and Red Pied dairy herds. Estimated gene frequencies were 0.83, 0.69 for A, and 0.17, 0.31 for B alleles, for Black and Red Pied breeds, respectively. The heterozygosis of 0.28, 0.50 for Black and Red Pied breeds, respectively were observed. This molecular genetic technique based on molecular markers allows direct genotyping for milk Kappa casein with certainty and accuracy in bulls and females an can be used in programs of dairy cattle improvement. Therefore, an early and precise identification of milk protein genotypes should have a direct impact on dairy cattle breeding strategies.}, keywords = {Kappa casein,Polymorphism,Cattle,PCR-RFLP,Milk production}, url = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6952.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6952_9e74cf06c249a387f2a0ae1250dfa841.pdf} }