@article { author = {Baghaban Eslaminejad, Mohamadreza and Taghiyar, Leila and Falahi, Fahimeh}, title = {Costal Versus Articular Chondrocytes in Alginate Three-Dimensional Cultures}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, pages = {129-136}, year = {2009}, publisher = {National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran}, issn = {1728-3043}, eissn = {2322-2921}, doi = {}, abstract = {Given the difficulties in accessing articular cartilage as a source of chondrocytes to be used in fabricating cartilage constructs, alternative sources are required. The present study examined chondrocytes from costal cartilage for their suitability in cartilage tissue engineering. Chondrocytes isolated from rat knee and rib hyaline cartilage were separately mixed with alginate and placed in a calcium chloride solution as two mm beads. The beads were incubated over 2 months, during which time the structural features, proliferation rates, and gene expression levels were determined by microscopy, [3-(A, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-1, 5-diphenyl tetrazulium bromide] (MTT) assay, and real-time PCR analysis, respectively. The majority of both articular and costal chondrocytes were observed to be organelle-rich round to oval cells embedded in lacuna-like cavities within the alginate beads. The propagation patterns of both cell types were similar, undergoing proliferation during the first 40 days and almost ceasing propagation over the remaining 20 days of the culture period. The levels of aggrecan and type II collagen (cartilage specific) gene expression in costal and articular chondrocyte cultures were comparable; expression levels were very low during the initial days of culturing but were significantly upregulated by study termination (day 60). Interestingly, in contrast to cultured articular cells, the level of collagen I expression was negligible in costal cultures (p<0.05). Collectively, these data suggest that the costal chondrocytes could provide a beneficial and more accessible source of chondrocytes for three dimensional (3D) cartilage constructs.}, keywords = {Costal and articular chondrocytes,alginate,Proliferation,Gene expression,ultrastructure}, url = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7069.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7069_1e98b0932c220f2e7357c9c72f0ab98c.pdf} } @article { author = {Lahmi, Reyhaneh and Vallian, Sadeq}, title = {Genetic Variation of Informative Short Tandem Repeat (STR) Loci in an Iranian Population}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, pages = {137-141}, year = {2009}, publisher = {National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran}, issn = {1728-3043}, eissn = {2322-2921}, doi = {}, abstract = {In the present study, genotyping of six short tandem repeat (STR) loci including CSF1PO, D16S539, F13A01, F13B, LPL and HPRTB was performed on genomic DNA from 127 unrelated individuals from the Iranian province of Isfahan. The results indicated that the allele and genotype distributions were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg expectations. The observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He) as well as forensic and paternity indices including power of discrimination (PD) and exclusion (PE), polymorphism information content (PIC), typical paternity index (PItypical) and probability of paternity (W) were determined for the examined STR alleles. In addition, genetic diversity index (GD) and population parameter (θ) were calculated for the six loci. The combined power of discrimination (Pdcombined) and combined probability of exclusion (PEtypical) were 0.9999998 and 0.999856 over the six loci, respectively. Together, the examined STR loci in this study have proven a relatively high genetic variation in Iranian population. The data could be used for construction of a forensic genetic database for Iranian population.}, keywords = {Short tandem repeat (STRs),Population data,Paternity testing,Forensic science,Iranian population}, url = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7071.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7071_8fd3430b8dae65479266b18c0cbe62a0.pdf} } @article { author = {Gurram, Shyam and Rama, Preethi and Sivadevuni, Girisham and Solipuram, Madhusudan}, title = {Oxidation of Meloxicam by Streptomyces griseus}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, pages = {142-47}, year = {2009}, publisher = {National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran}, issn = {1728-3043}, eissn = {2322-2921}, doi = {}, abstract = {The aim of the present investigation was to biotransform the anti-inflammatory compound meloxicam by enzymes present in whole cells of five actinomycete cultures to produce novel bioactive derivatives. Among the actinomycetes screened, Streptomyces griseus NCIM 2622 was found to possess the enzyme system(s) that oxidize meloxicam into two metabolites whereas that present in S. griseus NCIM 2623 could oxidize meloxicam to only one metabolite in significant quantities. The formation of enzymatic metabolites was monitored and confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The structures were elucidated based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) data and previous reports as 5-hydroxymethyl meloxicam and 5-carboxy meloxicam. From the results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that S. griseus NCIM 2622 possesses oxidizing enzymes, which can be employed to oxidize meloxicam.}, keywords = {Biotransformation,Meloxicam,5-hydroxymethyl meloxicam,5-carboxy meloxicam Streptomyces griseus}, url = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7072.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7072_575e153e219da00900e62c840d74db40.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghaedi, Mahboobe and Sahebghadam Lotfi, Abbas and Soleimani, Masoud and Shamsara, Mehdi and Arjmand, Sare and Adibi, Behzad}, title = {Expression of Recombinant Alpha-1 Antitrypsin in CHO and COS-7 Cell Lines Using Lentiviral Vector}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, pages = {148-156}, year = {2009}, publisher = {National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran}, issn = {1728-3043}, eissn = {2322-2921}, doi = {}, abstract = {In this study, in order to facilitate and accelerate the production of eukaryotic protein alpha 1-antitrypsin (AAT) with correct post-translational modifications, a protein production system based on the transduction of CHO and COS-7 cells using lentiviral vectors was developed. Human AAT cDNA was cloned into a replication-defective lentiviral vector. The transgene AAT-Jred chimer was transferred to CHO and COS-7 cell lines using this vector and its expressions were visualized by fluorescent microscopy. The mRNA expression levels of the AAT genes were determined using Revearse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and its secretion into the medium by both cell types was determined using ELISA. The results show that by employing a lentiviral vector, efficient genetic loading of CHO and COS-7 cells with the AAT gene was achieved. In conclusion, by using a Lentivirus-based gene delivery system, large amounts of recombinant human AAT protein were expressed in both CHO and COS-7 cell lines. This expression system possesses key properties that ensure its application in the delivery of therapeutic genes into mammalian cultured cells.}, keywords = {Alpha-1 antitrypsin,Transfection,Protein production,Lentiviral vector}, url = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7070.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7070_3265ba4e828b65e6928d9148e96fe25b.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghahremani, Hosein and Pishvaie, Mahmood Reza and Vossoughi, Manouchehr and Seyfkordi, Ali Akbar}, title = {Optimization of A Fed-Batch Fermenter Producing Baker’s Yeast Using Simulated Annealing Method}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, pages = {157-165}, year = {2009}, publisher = {National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran}, issn = {1728-3043}, eissn = {2322-2921}, doi = {}, abstract = {Modeling of fermentation processes is so complicated and uncertain; therefore it is necessary to provide a robust and appropriate dynamic optimization method. In order to obtain the maximum amount of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), the bioreactor must be operated under optimal conditions. To determine substrate feeding in a fed-batch bioreactor, a simulated annealing (SA) approach was examined. The optimal glucose feed rate profiles were computed by a stochastic and deterministic problems for various initial conditions to investigate their effects on optimal operation of the fed-batch bioreactor. Results declared a proper capability of SA method for determination of  optimal feeding policies in fermentation processes. The major advantage of the simulated annealing is its capability for handling the problems with model mismatches. Finally, an open loop sensitivity analysis of SA optimization method was tested by a mathematical model to note the effect of some key variables in the subsequent optimization study on the fermenter. Findings show slight difference between trends, thus the SA algorithm is an efficient, robust and satisfactory acceptable.}, keywords = {Simulated Annealing,optimization,Fermentation,Fed-batch,S. cerevisiae}, url = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7084.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7084_73dce8ef7764c9f1d666cdc052a0b147.pdf} } @article { author = {Singh, Yogendra and Tomar, Arvind and Das, Ratnesh and Singh, Ram}, title = {Rational Design, Synthesis and Computational Structure-Activity Relationship of Novel 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-5-(3-Hydroxy-4-Ethoxyphenyl)-4,5-Dihydro-1H-Pyrazole-1-Carboxamide}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, pages = {166-178}, year = {2009}, publisher = {National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran}, issn = {1728-3043}, eissn = {2322-2921}, doi = {}, abstract = {Densely functionalized 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(3-hydroxy-4-etoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide was  synthesized in an expedient manner through specification and transamidation  respectively, of ester-functionalized pyrazoles. This synthetic protocol allowed for three diversifying steps in which appendages on the pyrazole scaffold were adjusted to optimize inhibition of protein kinases. Computational design and study of novel 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(3hydroxy-4-etoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide is reported. This computational prediction analysis will improve the understanding of candidate drugs and help in identifying its properties and effects on the human body. Simulation analysis of candidate drugs is necessary for providing clues about regulatory mechanisms, biochemical pathways and broader drug functions.}, keywords = {Pyrazole carboxamide,CADD,Rule of 5,ADMET,Toxicity,Physiochemical properties}, url = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7067.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7067_bac4edcc31203319665e5c171e87fd15.pdf} } @article { author = {Aghdasi, Mahnaz and Schluepman, Henriette}, title = {Cloning and Expression Analysis cf Two Photosynthetic Genes, PSI-H and LHCB1, Under Trehalose Feeding Conditions in Arabidipsis Seedlings}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Biotechnology}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, pages = {179-187}, year = {2009}, publisher = {National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran}, issn = {1728-3043}, eissn = {2322-2921}, doi = {}, abstract = {Trehalose (a-D-glucosyl-[1,1]-a-D-glucopyranoside) is involved in mechanisms that coordinate metabolism with plant growth adaptation and development. The main objective of the current work was to find out whether trehalose feeding affects the expression of two genes involved in photosynthesis: one gene coding for photosystem1 subunit H (PS1-H) and the other for the light harvesting complex B1 (LHCB1). In this study, Arabidopsis seeds were grown on one-half-strength medium supplemented with 100 mM trehalose or sorbitol (as osmotic control) for 2 weeks. Trehalose-fed seedlings showed inhibited root growth, delayed emergence of primary cotyledons and dark-rimmed cotyledons. Exogenously applied trehalose strongly induced starch accumulation in cotyledons and, concomitantly, depletion of starch in collumella cells of the root cap. Gene expression analysis of photosynthetic genes in Arabidopsis seedlings revealed that trehalose feeding repressed PS1-H and LHCB1 expression as compared to sorbitol-fed seedlings. To confirm trehalose inhibitory effect on photosynthetic gene expression, the cDNA of PS1-H and LHCB1 was used to transform Arabidopsis seedlings. Transformed lines showed higher transcript levels of PS1-H and LHCB1.Trehalose feeding also reduced expression levels of PS1-H and LHCB1 in transformed lines. These findings show that trehalose down-regulates the expression of two genes encoding typical components of the photosynthetic machinery.}, keywords = {PS1-H,LHCB1,Gene expression,Transformation,Arabidopsis}, url = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7065.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7065_06e44752cfb0b9285d30e6d3e9b0342b.pdf} }