ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Changes in Physiological Properties as a Criterium for Detection of Plasmid Loss in Bacillus thuringiensis
Recent technological improvements have extended the application range of dielectric permittivity biomass measurements to on-line monitoring of physiological changes during bacterial fermentations. In an industrial fermentation of Bacillus thuringiensis, it is important to verify the intactness of bacterial plasmid content in all steps of culture. Changes in certain plasmid resident properties of this bacterium affect the permittivity measurements and could represent the potential signs of change in the plasmid content. In order to study this, the permittivity measurements of cultures of two plasmid-containing (Cry+) and plasmid-free (Cry-) phenotype strains of B. thuringiensis H14 were followed and compared throughout the fermentation. They showed different profiles of permittivity during vegetative growth and sporulation phases which related to the inability of the Cry- phenotype strain to form aggregates and proteinaceous crystals, respectively. Cry- strain grew faster than Cry+ strain, but both of them were able to sporulate. The respiratory quotients of strains were similar during the growth phase but during sporulation phase the Cry- strain had a lower respiratory quotient than the Cry+ strain.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7003_9ab710bb080e78b8eeb04fdbf09f55e2.pdf
2006-10-01
217
223
Aggregation behaviours
Bacillus thuringiensis H14
Bioinsecticide production
Fermentation
Permittivity
Plasmid
Mohammad H.
Sarrafzadeh
sarrafzdh@ut.ac.ir
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, IR Iran
and
UMR Ingénierie des Réactions Biologiques -Bioproductions (IR2B), INRA/ENSAM/Université Montpellier 2, F-34095 Montpellier, France
LEAD_AUTHOR
Fredric
Bigey
2
UMR Ingénierie des Réactions Biologiques -Bioproductions (IR2B), INRA/ENSAM/Université Montpellier 2, F-34095 Montpellier, France
AUTHOR
Jean-Marie
Navarro
3
UMR Ingénierie des Réactions Biologiques -Bioproductions (IR2B), INRA/ENSAM/Université Montpellier 2, F-34095 Montpellier, France
AUTHOR
Andrup L, Damgaard J, Wassrmann K (1993). Mobilization of small plasmids in Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis is accompanied by specific aggregation. J Bacteriol. 175: 6530-6536.
1
Berry C, O’Neil S, Ben-Dov E, Jones AF, Murphy L, Quail MA, Holden MTG, Harris D, Zaritsky A, Parkhill J (2002). Complete sequence and organization of pBtoxis, the toxin-coding plasmid of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp israelensis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 68: 5082-5095.
2
Buchanan RE, Gibbons NE (1974). Endospore forming rods and cocci. In: Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, American Society for Microbiology, ed., Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 529-545.
3
Bulla LA, Bechtel DB, Kramer KJ, Shethna YI, Aronson AI, Fitzjames PC (1980). Ultrastructure, physiology, and biochemistry of Bacillus thuringiensis. CRC Crit Rev Microbiol. 8: 147-204.
4
Carlton BC, Gonzalez JM (1985). Plasmids and delta-endotoxin production in different subspecies of Bacillus thuringiensis. In: Molecular Biology of Microbial Differentiation ed. Hoch JA and Setlow P, American Society for Microbiology, Washington, DC, 246-252.
5
Couch TL (2000). Industrial fermentation and formulation of entomopathogenic bacteria. In: Entomopathogenic Bacteria: from laboratory to field application ed. Charles JF. and Delecluse A, Kluwer Academic Publishers. p: 297-316
6
Faust RM, Abe K, Held GA, Iizuka T, Bulla LA, Meyers CL (1983). Evidence for plasmid-associated crystal toxin production in Bacillus thuringiensis subsp israelensis. Plasmid 9: 98-103.
7
Feitelson JS, Payne J, KIM L (1992). Bacillus thuringiensis: insects and beyond. Bio-Technology, 10: 271-275.
8
Fordyce AP, Rawlings JB (1996). Segregated fermentation model for growth and differentiation of Bacillus licheniformis. AIChE J. 42: 3241-52.
9
Gonzalez JM, Brown BJ, Carlton BC (1982). Transfer of Bacillus thuringiensis plasmids coding for delta-endotoxin among strains of B. thuringiensis and B. cereus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America-Biological Sciences 79: 6951-6955.
10
Gonzalez JM, Carlton BC (1980). Patterns of plasmid DNA in crystalliferous and acrystalliferous strains of Bacillus thuringiensis. Plasmid 3: 92-98.
11
Gonzalez JM, Dulmage HT, Carlton BC (1981). Correlation between specific plasmids and delta-endotoxin production in Bacillus thuringiensis. Plasmid 5: 351-365.
12
Jensen GB, Wilcks A, Petersen SS, Damgaard J, Baum JA, Andrup L (1995). The genetic basis of the aggregation system in Bacillus thuringiensis subsp israelensis is located on the large conjugative plasmid pXO16. J Bacteriol. 177: 2914-2917.
13
Manonmani AM, Balaraman K (1987). Dynamics of biomass production, sporulation and toxin synthesis in Bacillus thuringiensis H. 14 strains. Indian J Med Res. 86:597-600.
14
Margalith Y, Ben-Dov E (2000). Biological control by Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. In: Insect pest management: techniques for environmental protection ed. Rechcigl JE and Rechcigl NA, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla, 243-301.
15
Mas S, Ossart F, Ghommidh C (2001). On-line size measurement of yeast aggregates using image analysis. Biotechnol Bioeng. 76: 91-98.
16
Neves A, Pereira D, Vieira L, Menezes J (2000). Real time monitoring biomass concentration in Streptomyces clavuligerus cultivations with industrial media using a capacitance probe. J Biotechnol. 84: 45-52.
17
Sarra M, Ison AP, Lilly MD (1996). The relationships between biomass concentration, determined by a capacitance-based probe, rheology and morphology of Saccharopolyspora erythraea cultures. J Biotechnol. 51: 157-165.
18
Sarrafzadeh MH, Belloy L, Esteban G, Navarro JM, Ghommidh C (2005a). Dielectric monitoring of the growth and sporulation of Bacillus thuringiensis. Biotechnol Lett. 27: 511-517.
19
Sarrafzadeh MH, Bigey F, Capariccio B, Mehrnia MR, Guiraud JP, Navarro JM (2007). Simple indicators of plasmid loss during fermentation of Bacillus thuringiensis, Enzyme Microb Technol. 40: 1052-1058.
20
Sarrafzadeh MH, Guiraud JP, Lagneau C, Gaven B, Carron A, Navarro JM (2005b). Growth, sporulation, delta-endotoxin synthesis and toxicity during culture of Bacillus thuringiensis H14. Curr Microbiol. 51: 75-81.
21
Schwan HP (1957). Electrical properties of tissue and cell suspensions. Adv Biol Med Phys. 5: 147–209.
22
Shively JM (1974). The inclusion bodies of prokaryotes. Annu Rev Microbiol. 28: 167-184.
23
Stahly DP, Dingman DW, Bulla J, Aronson AI (1978). Possible origin and function of the parasporal crystals in B. thuringiensis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 84: 581-588.
24
Yardley JE, Kell DB, Barrett J, Davey CL (2000). On-line, real time measurements of cellular biomass using dielectric spectroscopy. Biotechnol Gen Eng Rev. 17: 3-35.
25
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Site-Directed Mutagenesis, Expression and Biological Activity of E. coli 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate 3-Phosphate Synthase Gene
Site-directed mutagenesis (SDM) as a powerful technique was used to change two important and conserved amino acids in 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3- phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene of E. coli. The mutations changed glycine 96 to alanine and alanine 183 to threonine. These two amino acids are very important for intraction of the wide spectrum herbicide, glyphosate, to EPSP synthase enzymes. By designing mutagen primers and overlapping extension method, three kinds of altered bacterial EPSPS enzymes with first, second and both mutations were produced. These modified enzymes are expected to show decreased affinity for herbicide, with least alteration in their enzymatic activity. These altered genes were cloned under the control of chemically inducible T7 promoter and over expressed in E. coli. Biological activity analyses in the presence of glyphosate show that the bacteria containing the mutated enzymes, especially the enzyme with two mutations, were more tolerant to glyphosate.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7005_92ae0b4d707c8b3e6c59e45d48e380f9.pdf
2006-10-01
224
229
E. coli
5- enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase
Glyphosate
Site-directed mutagenesis
Ali Hatef
Salmanian
salman@nigeb.ac.ir
1
Department of plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O. Box 14155-6343, Tehran, I.R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Kobra
Zakikhan
2
Department of plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O. Box 14155-6343, Tehran, I.R. Iran
and
Khatam Institute of Higher Education, P.O. Box 14827, Tehran, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Afsoon
Afshari
3
Department of plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O. Box 14155-6343, Tehran, I.R. Iran
and
Khatam Institute of Higher Education, P.O. Box 14827, Tehran, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Mandana
Moshashaie
4
Department of plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O. Box 14155-6343, Tehran, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Baerson SR, Rodriguez DJ, Tran M, Feng Y, Biest NA, Dill GM (2002). Glyphosate-Resistance goose grass. Identification of a mutation in the target enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3- phosphate synthase. Plant Physiol. 129: 1265-1275.
1
Della-Cioppa, G Bauer, SC, Klein BK, Shah DM, Fraley RT and Kishore GM (1986). Targeting a Herbicide-Resistant Enzyme from Escherichia Coli to Chloroplasts of Higher Plants. Biotechnology 5: 579-584.
2
Eschenburg S, Healy ML, Priestman MA, Lushington GH, Schonbrunn E (2002). How the mutation glycine 96 to alanine confers glyphosate insensitivity to 5- enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase from Escherichia coli. Planta 216: 129-135.
3
Eichholtz DA, Alan D, Gasser CS, Scott C, Kishore GM, Murthy G (2001). U.S. Patent. No: 6, 225,114.
4
Franz JE, Mao MK, Sikorski JA (1997). Glyphosate’s molecular mode of action. In: Glyphosate: A unique global herbicide. American Chemical Society, Washington DC, pp 521-642.
5
Gruys KJ, Sikorski JA (1999). Inhibitors of tryptophan, phenylalanine, and tyrosine biosynthesis as herbicides. In B Singh, ed, Plant Amino Acids. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, pp 357- 384.
6
Kishore GM, Brundage L, Kolk K, Padgette SR, Rochester D, Huynh QK, Della-Cioppa G (1986). Isolation, purification and characterization of a glyphosate-resistant mutant E.coli EPSP synthase. Proc Fed Am Soc Exp Biol., 45: 1506.
7
Kahrizi D, Salmanian AH, Afshari A, Mousavi A, Moeini A (2007). Simultaneous Substitution of Glycin-96 to Alanine and Alanine-183 to Threonine in 5-enolpyruvylshikimste 3-phoshpate synthase Gene of E. coli (k12) and Transformation of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) in Order to Make tolerance to Glyphosate. Plant Cell Report 26: pp 94-105.
8
Majumder K, Selvapendiyan A, Fattah FA, Arrora N, Ahmed S, Bhatnagar RK (1995). 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase of Bacillus subtilis is an allosteric enzyme. Eur J Biochem. 229: 99-106.
9
Padgette SR, Biest D, Gasser CS, Eichholtz DA, Frazier RB, Hironaka CM, Levine EB, Shah DM, Fraley RT, Kishore GM (1991). Site directed mutagenesis of a conserved region of the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase. J Biol Chem. 266: 22364-22369.
10
Feng PCC, Baley GJ, Clinton WP, Bunkers GJ, Alibhai MF, Paulitz TC and Kidwell KK (2005). Glyphosate inhibits rust diseases in glyphosate-resistant wheat and soybean Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 29, 102: 17290-17295.
11
Roberts F, Roberts CW, Johnson JJ, Kyle DE, Krell T, Coggins JR, Coombs GH, Milhous WK, Tzipori S, Ferguson DJP, Chakrabarti D, McLeod R (1998). Evidence for the shikimate pathway in apicomplexan parasites. Lett Nature 393: 801-805.
12
Sambrook J, Russell, DW (2001). Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor, New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
13
Schönbrunn E, Eschenburg S, Shuttleworth WA, Schloss JV, Amrhein N, Evans JNS, Kabsch W (2001). Interaction of the herbicide glyphosate with its target enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase in atomic detail. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 98: 1376-1380.
14
Stalker DM, Hiatt WR, Comai L (1985). A single amino acid substitution in the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase confers resistance to the herbicideglyphosate. J Biol Chem. 260: 4724-4728.
15
Stallings WC, Abdel-Meguid SS, Lim LW, Shieh H, Dayringer HE, Leimgruber NK, Stegeman RA, Anderson KS, Sikorski JA, Padgette SR, Kishore GM (1991). Structure and topological symmetry of the glyphosate target 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3- phosphate synthase: Adistinctive protein field. Pro Natl Acad Sci USA. 88: 5046-5050.
16
Steinrucken HC and Amrhein N (1980). The herbicide glyphosate is a potent inhibitor of 5-Enolpyruvylshikimic acid 3-phosphate synthase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 94: 1207-1212.
17
Taylor M, Feyereisen (1996). Molecular biology and evolution of resistance to toxicants. Mol Biol Evol. 13: 719-734.
18
Wagner CR, Benkovic SJ (1990). Site directed mutagenesis: a tool for enzyme mechanism dissection. Trends Biotechnol. 8: 263-270.
19
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Physiological and Morphological Changes of Recombinant E. coli During Over-Expression of Human Interferon-g in HCDC
The objective of this research was to investigate the influence of the over-expression of recombinant interferon-g during high cell density cultivation on cellular characteristics of recombinant E. coli. Batch and fed-batch culture techniques were employed to grow Escherichia coli BL21 for production of human gamma-interferon in pET expression system. Final cell densities in batch and fed-batch cultivations were approximately 7 and 127 g cell dry weight (CDW) l-1, respectively. In both systems, specific growth rate decreased and reached zero, 4 hours after the induction. It was found that high cell density and over-expression of interferon-g had no substantial effects on cell lysis and plasmid stability. Plasmid content of the cells was nearly similar and remained constant during the post-induction period in both batch and fed-batch cultures (60 mg plasmid per g-1 CDW). In both systems, time profiles of acetate and lactate production were similar, lactate concentration was lower than that of acetate and the concentrations of both were lower than the inhibitory level. Maximum extracellular cAMP concentration occurred at the start of induction in fed-batch culture and was higher than the amount produced during the batch process. The size of E. coli cells reduced significantly as cell density increased and the morphology of the cells in high cell density changed from the usual rod shape to spherical, while the expression of interferon-g remained almost constant.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7002_b2be986ae48c2684a4ee9ffed00c1781.pdf
2006-10-01
230
238
Recombinant Escherichia coli
physiological status
Human Ineterferon-gamma
High cell density cultivation
Over-expression
Seyedeh Marjan
Varedi Koolaee
1
Department of Biotechnology, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Abbas
Shojaosadati
shoja @ modares.ac.ir
2
Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-143, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Valliollah
Babaeipour
3
Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-143, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Nasser
Ghaemi
4
School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Babaeipour V, Robatjazi SM, Shojaosadati SA, Khalilzadeh R, Maghsoudi N (2007). Over-production of human interferon-g in HCDC of recombinant Escherichia coli. Proc Biochem. 42:112-117.
1
Bradford MM (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle protein dye-binding. Anal Biochem. 72: 248-54.
2
Choi, JH, Keum KC, Lee SY (2006). Production of recombinant proteins by high cell density culture of Escherichia coli. Chem Engin Sci. 61: 876-885.
3
Haddadin FT, Harcum SW (2005). Transcriptome profiles for high-cell-density recombinant and wild-type Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Bioeng. 90: 127-53.
4
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5
Khalilzadeh R, Shojaosadati SA, Bahrami A, Maghsoudi N (2003). Over-expression of recombinant human interferon-gamma in high cell density fermentation of Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Lett. 25: 1989-1992.
6
Khalilzadeh, R, Shojaosadati SA, Maghsoudi N, Mohammadian-Mosaabadi J, Mohammadi MR, Bahrami A, Maleksabet N, Nassiri-Khalilli MA, Ebrahimi M, Naderimanesh H (2004). Process development for production of recombinant human interferon-g- expressed in Esherichia coli. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 31: 63-69.
7
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8
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9
Lewin B (2000). Gene IIV, New York: Oxford University Press.
10
Lin H, Hoffmann F,Rozkov A, Enfors SO, Rinas U, Neubauer P (2004). Change of extracellular cAMP concentration is a sensitive reporter for bacterial fitness in high-cell-density cultures of Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Bioeng. 87: 602-613.
11
Ling HY, Enfors SO (2002). Physiology of Escherichia coli in batch and fed-Batch cultures with special amino acid and glucose metabolism, Department of Biotechnology, Royal institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, PhD Thesis, ISBN 91-7283-76-2
12
Lin HY (1999). Cellular responses to the induction of recombinant genes in Escherichia coli fed-batch cultures. PhD Thesis. Halle (Saale), Germany: Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg.
13
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14
Liu J, Burns DM, Beacham IR (1986). Isolation and sequence analysis of the gene (cpdB) encoding periplasmic 2´, 3´-cyclic phosphodiesterase. J Bacteriol. 165: 1002-1010.
15
Majewski RA, Domach MM )1990(. Simple constrained optimization view of acetate overflow in E. coli. Biotechnol Bioeng. 35: 732-738.
16
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17
Matin A, Matin MK )1982(. Cellular levels, excretion, and synthesis rates of cyclic AMP in Escherichia coli grown in continuous culture. J Bacteriol. 149: 801-807.
18
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19
Phue J, Noronha SB, Hattacharyya R, Wolfe AJ, Shiloach J (2005). Glucose metabolism at high density growth of E. coli B and E. coli K: differences in metabolic pathways are responsible for efficient glucose utilization in E. coli B as determined by microarrays and northern blot analyses. Biotechnol Bioeng. 90: 805-820.
20
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21
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22
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23
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24
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25
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26
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27
Yoon SH, Han MJ, Lee SY, Jeong KJ, Yoo JS (2003). Combined transcriptome and proteome analysis Escherichia coli during high cell density culture. Biotechnol Bioeng. 81: 753-767.
28
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Using Recombinant Chlamydia Major Outer Membrane Protein (MOMP) in ELISA Diagnostic Kit
Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the main causes of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) such as prostatitis and epididymitis in men and cervicitis, endometriosis, vaginitis and ureogenital tract infections in women. Serological tests with sensitivities related to specific antigens are commonly used as routine laboratory tests for diagnosis of Chlamydia. In this research the Chlamydia Major Outer Membrane Protein gene was coloned in order to prepare a specific recombinant protein for use in the ELISA diagnostic kit. DNA was extracted from cultured C. tachomatis. PCR reaction was carried out and the resulting PCR product was cloned into the pGemex-1 expression vector and induced by IPTG (Isopropyl b-D-Thiogalactopyrano side). Recombinant protein was confirmed by gel diffusion, dot blot and western blot, using patient’s serum. The use of recombinant protein for diagnosis of Chlamydia by ELISA is therefore recommended.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6978_16cdc8e9edc59fd95f42f10989c16b0d.pdf
2006-10-01
239
244
Chlamydia trachomatis
recombinant MOMP protein
Expression
Mojgan
Bandehpour
m.bandehpour@sbmu.ac.ir
1
1 Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti Medical University, P.O. Box 19395-4719, Tehran, IR Iran
and
2 National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box 14965-161, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Negar
Seyed
2
Pasteur Institute of Iran, P.O. Box 13164, Tehran, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Shadnoush
3
Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti Medical University, P.O. Box 19395-4719, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Parviz
Pakzad
4
Department of Immunology, Shaheed Beheshti Medical University, P.O. Box 19395-4719, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Bahram
Kazemi
bahram_14@yahoo.com or kazemi@sbmu.ac.ir
5
Department of Parasitology, Shaheed Beheshti Medical University, P.O. Box 19395-4719, Tehran, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Bas S, Muzzin P, Ninet B, Bornand JE, Scieux C, Vischer TL (2001b). Chlamydial serology: comparative diagnostic value of immunoblotting, microimmunofluorescence test, and immunoassays using different recombinant proteins as antigens. J Clin Microbiol. 39: 1368-1377.
1
Bas S, Muzzin P, Vischer TL (2001a). Chlamydia trachomatis Serology: Diagnostic value of outer membrane protein 2 compared with that of other antigens. J Clin Microbiol. 39: 4082-4085.
2
Balous A, Dwerden BI (1998). Topley and Wilson’s Systematic Bacteriology, Vol. 2. P: 1331-1334.
3
Bora U, Chugh L, Nahar P (2002).Covalent immobilization of proteins onto photoactivated polystyrene microtiter plates for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay procedures. J Immunol Method. 268: 171- 177.
4
Campbell LA, Roberts S, Inoue S, Kong L, Kuo Cc CC (2001). Evaluation of Chlamydia pneumoniae 43- and 53-kilodalton recombinant proteins for serodiagnosis by Western Blot. Clin Diagn Lab Immmunol. 8: 1231-1233.
5
Caldwell HD, Kromhout J, Schachter J (1981). Purification and partial characterization of the major outer membrane protein of Chlamydia trachomatis. Infect Immun. 31: 1161-1176.
6
Eun HM (1996). Enzymology primer for Recombinant DNA Technology. Academic Press. Chapter 6. DNA polymerases. P: 345-489.
7
Feliciello I, Chinali G (1993). A modified alkaline lysis method for the preparation of highly purified plasmid DNA from Escherichia coli. Anal Biochem. 212: 394-401.
8
Gaastra W, Klemm P (1984). Radiolabeling of DNA with 3´ terminal transferase. In: Methods In Molecular Biology. Vol. 2. Nucleic Acids. Edited by John M Walker. Chapter 40. P: 269-271.
9
Gaastra W, Hansen K (1984). Ligation of DNA with T4 DNA ligase. In: Methods In Molecular Biology. Vol. 2. Nucleic Acids. Edited by Walker JM. Humana Press. Chapter 32. P: 225-230.
10
Gdoura R, Daoudi F, Bouzid F, Ben Salah F, Chaigneau C, Sueur JM, Eb F, Rekik S, Hammami A, Orfila J (2001). Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in semen and urethral specimens from male members of infertile couples in Tunisia. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 6: 14-20.
11
Hanaham D (1983). Studies on transformation on E. coli with plasmids. J Mol Biol. 98: 503-517
12
Hausler WJ, Sussman M (1998). Tapley and Wilson Bacterial Infection. 9th edition, Axford University Press, Inc; New York, P: 977-991.
13
Hoelzle LE, Hoelzle K, Wittenbrink MM (2004). Recombinant major outer membrane protein (MOMP) of Chlamydophila abortus, Chlamydophila pecorum and Chlamydia suis as antigens to distinguish chlamydial species-specific antibodies in animal sera. Vet Microbiol. 103: 85-90.
14
Jack GW (1998). Affinity chromatography. In: Molecular Biomethods Handbook. R Rapley, J M Walker. Humana Press. P: 469-477.
15
Mandell, Douglas, Bennett (2001). Principales and practice of Infection Disease. Section 8. P: 1424-1434.
16
Mygind P, Christiansen G, person K, Birkelund S (2000). Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis specific antibodies in human sera by recombinant major outer-membrane protein polyantigens. J Med Microbiol. 49: 457-65.
17
Novagen Company Catalogue (2005). T7 Tag affinity purification Kit NO. 69025-3
18
Pherson Mc, Moller SG (2000). PCR. Bios Scientific publishers. Chapter 2. Undrestanding PCR. P: 9-21.
19
Shewry PR, Fido RJ (1998). Protein blotting, principels and applications. In: Molecular Biomethods Handbook. Edited by Ralph Rapley, John M Walker. Humana Press. P: 435-444.
20
Smith BJ (1984a). SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of proteins. In: Methods In Molecular Biology. Vol. 1. Proteins. Edited by John M Walker. Chapter 6. P: 41-56.
21
Smith BJ (1984b). Acetic Acid-Urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of proteins. In: Methods In Molecular Biology. Vol. 1. Proteins. Edited by John M walker. P: 63-73.
22
Spiro MJ, Bhoyroo VD, Spiro RG (1997). Molecular cloning and expression of rat liver endo-alfa mannosidase, an N-linked oligosaccharide processing enzyme. J Biol Chemistry. 272: 29356-29363.
23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Identification of Some Molecular Traits in Fluorescent Pseudomonads with Antifungal Activity
We assessed a collection of 47 fluorescent Pseudomonas spp., some with known biological control activity against certain soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi such as, Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani, Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica, Pythium sp. and Fusarium sp. in vitro and the potential to produce known secondary metabolites such as, siderophore, HCN and protease. The results indicated that 66%, 40.42%, 63.82%, 48.94% and 27.65% of strains revealed antagonistic activity against R. solani, M. phaseolina, Pythium sp., P. nicotianae and Fusarium sp., respectively. Among the 47 strains, 76.59%, 97.87% and 17% produced protease, siderophore and HCN, respectively. In this survey, the detection of phlD and phlA genes was evaluated with a PCR-based assay. We detected phlD in strains P-5, P-32, P-47, and phlA in strains P-5, P-18, P-34 and P-35. Strain CHA0 was used as positive control for the detection of both genes. Overall, there was no obvious link between inhibition of fungal growth in vitro and production of the antifungal metabolites or existence of phlD and phlA genes. Characterization of fluorescent pseudomonads with potential to produce of 2, 4-diacetylphloroglucinol will further enhance our knowledge of their function in the suppression of root diseases.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6981_0cc9faa7a2cc1e039f9a855faa2c6b8c.pdf
2006-10-01
245
253
Fluorescent pseudomonads
soil-borne pathogens
antifungal metabolites
phlA
phlD
PCR
Masoud
Ahmadzadeh
1
Faculty of Horticultural Sciences and Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Hamideh
Afsharmanesh
h_afsharmanesh@yahoo.com
2
Faculty of Horticultural Sciences and Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad
Javan-Nikkhah
jnikkhah@ut.ac.ir
3
Faculty of Horticultural Sciences and Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Abbas
Sharifi-Tehrani
4
Faculty of Horticultural Sciences and Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Alstrom S, Burns RG (1989). Cyanid production by rhizobacteria as a possible mechanism of plant growth inhibition. Biol Fertil Soil. 7: 232-238.
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Bangera MG, Thomashow LS (1999). Identification and characterization of a gene cluster for synthesis of the polyketide antibiotic 2, 4-diacetylphloroglucinol from Pseudomonas fluorescens Q2-87. Bacteriology 181: 3155-3163.
2
Cook RJ, Thomashow LS, Weller DM, Mazzola M, Bangera G, Kim DS (1995). Molecular mechanisms of defense by rhizobacteria against root disease. Proc Natl Sci. 92:4197-4201.
3
Dowling DN, O’Gara F (1994). Metabolites of Pseudomonas involved in the biocontrol of plant disease. Trends Biotechnol. 12:133-141.
4
Duffy BK, Défago G (1997). Zinc improves biocontrol of Fusarium crown and root rot of tomato by Pseudomonas fluorescens and represses the production of pathogen metabolites inhibitory to bacterial antibiotic biosynthesis. Phytopathology 87:1250-1257.
5
Dwivedi D, Johri BN (2003). Antifungals from fluorescent pseudomonads: biosynthesis and regulation. Curr Sci. 85:1693-1703.
6
Fenton AM, Stephens PM, Crowley J, O’ Callaghan M, O’Gara F (1992). Exploitation of gene(s) involved in 2,4- diacetylphloroglucinol biosynthesis to confer a new biocontrol capability to a Pseudomonas strain. Appl Environ Microbiol. 41: 109-117.
7
Glick BR (1995). The enhancement of plant growth by free-living bacteria. Can J Microbiol. 41:109-117.
8
Harrison LA, Letendre L, Kovacevich P, Pierson E, Weller DM (1993). Purification of an antibiotic effective against Gaeumanomyces graminis var. tritici produced by a biocontrol agent Pseudomonas aureofaciens. Soil Biol Biochem. 25: 215-221.
9
Heeb S, Haas D (2001). Regulatory roles of the GacS/GacA two-component system in plant-associated and other gram-negative bacteria. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact. 14:1351-1363.
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Keel C, Weller DM, Natsch A, Defago G, Cook RJ, Thomashow LS (1996). Conservation of the 2,4- diacetylphloroglucinol biosynthesis locus among fluorescent Pseudomonas strains from diverse geographic locations. Appl Environ Microbiol. 62: 552-563.
11
Lemanceau P, Bakker PAHM, de Kogel WJ, Alabouvette C, Schippers B (1992). Effect of pseudobactin 358 production by Pseudomonas putida WCS358 on suppression of fusarium wilt of carnations by nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum Fo47. Appl Environ Microbiol. 58: 2978-2982.
12
Lugtenberg BJJ, de Weger LA, Bennett JW (1991). Microbial stimulation of plant growth and protection from disease. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2: 457-464.
13
Maurhofer M, Keel C, Haas D, Defago G (1995). Influence of plant species on disease suppression by Pseudomonas fluorescens strain CHA0 with enhanced production. Plant Pathol. 44: 40-50.
14
Mavrodi OV, McSpadden Gardener BB, Mavrodi DV, Bonsall RF, Weller DM, Thomashow LS (2001). Genetic diversity of phlD from 2, 4- diacetylphloroglucinol-producing fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. Phytopathology 91:35-43.
15
McSpadden Gardener BB, Mavrodi DV, Thomashow LS, Weller DM (2001). A rapid polymerase chain reaction based assay characterizing rhizosphere populations of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol producing bacteria. Phytopathology 91: 44-54.
16
McSpadden Gardener BB, Schroeder KL, Kalloger SE, Raaijmakers JM, Thomashow LS, Weller DM (2000). Genotypic and phenotypic diversity of phlD-containing Pseudomonas strains isolated from rhizosphere of wheat. Appl Environ Microbiol. 66: 1939-1946.
17
Nowak-Thompson B, Gould SJ, Kraus J, Loper JE (1994). Production of 2, 4-diacetylphloroglucinol by the biocontrol agent Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5. Can J Microbiol. 40:1064-1066.
18
O’Sullivan D, O’Gara F (1992). Traits of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. involved in suppression of plant root pathogens. Microbiol Rev. 56:662-676.
19
Picard C, Di Cello F, Ventura M, Fai R, Guckert A (2000). Frequency and biodiversity of 2, 4- diacetylphloroglucinol -producing bacteria isolated from the maize rhizosphere at different stages of plant growth. Appl Environ Microbiol. 66: 948-955.
20
Pierson EA, Weller DM (1994). Use of mixtures of fluorescent pseudomonads to suppress take-all and improve the growth of wheat. Phytopathology 84: 940-947.
21
Pieterse CMJ, van Wees SCM, Ton J, Leon-Kloosterziel KM, van Pelt JA, Keurentjes JJB, Knoester M, van Loon LC (2000). Rhizobacteria-mediated induced systemic resistance (ISR) in Arabidopsis: Involvement of jasmonate and ethylene. In: Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Vol. 2, deWit, Bisseling and Stiekema eds., The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, PP: 291-296
22
Raaijmakers JM, Weller DM, Thomashow LS (1997). Frequency of antibiotic-producing Pseudomonas spp. in natural environments. Appl Environ Microbiol. 63: 881-887.
23
Raaijmakers JM, Weller DM (1998). Natural plant protection by 2, 4-diacetylphloroglucinol-producing Pseudomonas spp. in take-all decline soils. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact. 11: 144-152.
24
Ramette A, Moënne-Loccoz Y, Défago G (2001). Polymorphism of the polyketide synthase gene phlD in biocontrol fluorescent pseudomonads producing 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol and comparison of PhlD with plant polyketide synthases. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact. 14:639-652.
25
Ramette A, Moënne-Loccoz Y, Défago G (2003). Prevalence of fluorescent pseudomonads producing antifungal phloroglucinols and/or hydrogen cyanide in soils naturally suppressive or conducive to tobacco black root rot. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 44: 35-43.
26
Rezzonico F, Moënne-Loccoz Y, Défago G (2003). Effect of stress on the ability of a phlA-based quantitative competitive PCR assay to monitor biocontrol strain Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0. Appl Environ Microbiol. 69: 686-690.
27
Schwyn B, Neilands JB (1987). Universal chemical assay for the detection and determination of siderophores. Anal Biochem. 160: 47-56.
28
Shanahan P, O’ Sullivan DJ, Simpson P, Glennon JD, O’ Gara F (1992). Isolation of 2, 4 -diactylphlorogluciol from a fluorescent pseudomonad and investigation of physiological parameters influencing its production. Appl Environ Microbiol. 58: 353-358.
29
Sharifi-Tehrani A, Zala M, Natsch A, Moënne-Loccoz Y, Defago G (1998). Biocontrol of soil-borne fungal plant diseases by 2, 4-diacetylphloroglucinol-producing fluorescent pseudomonads with different restriction profiles of amplified 16S rDNA. Eur J Plant Pathol.104: 631-643.
30
Tamietti G, Ferraris L, Matta A, Abbattista Gentile I (1993). Physiological responses of tomato plants grown in Fusarium suppressive soil. Phytopathology 138: 66-76.
31
Thomashow LS, Weller DM (1996). Current concepts in the use of introduced bacteria for biological disease control: Mechanisms and antifungal metabolites. In: Plant-Microbe Interactions Vol. 1, Stacey, Keen eds., Chapman and Hall, New York, PP:187-235
32
Van Loon LC, Bakker PAHM, Pieterse CMJ (1998). Systemic resistance induced by rhizosphere bacteria. Ann Rev Phytopathol. 36: 453-483.
33
Wang C, Ramette A, Punjasamarnwong P, Zala M, Natsch A, Moënne-Loccoz Y, Défago G (2001). Cosmopolitan distribution of phlD-containing dicotyledonous crop-associated biocontrol pseudomonads of worldwide origin. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 37:105-116.
34
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Genetic Distance Based on SSR Markers and Testcross Performance of Maize Inbred Lines
The identification of parental inbred lines to develop superior hybrids is a rather costly and time-consuming step in maize breeding. In some cases, pedigree information has been used to select diverse parental lines. In the case of Iranian maize inbred lines, this information is not fully available. In this study we investigated the genetic distance (GD) based on Simple sequence Repeats (SSR) markers between pairs of five maize testers and 28 inbred lines and assessed the relationship between GD and F1 hybrid performance, specific combining ability (SCA) and midparent heterosis (MPH). One hundred and forty testcrosses were evaluated for grain yield in 2003, 2004 and 2005 at two locations, Karaj and Gorgan (only 2004), Iran. Significant positive but low correlations were found between GD and F1 performance, SCA and MPH (0.27**, 0.39** and 0.28**, respectively). Testers affected the magnitude of correlations, with relatively high values revealed in the Mo17 crosses (0.54**, 0.61** and 0.61** for F1, SCA and MPH, respectively) and lowest values in the B73 crosses. Although GD between parents correlated significantly with hybrid performance, the estimates of GD did not consistently identify the best crosses.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6989_6d22984693c593a2b68f4315815ed3f1.pdf
2006-10-01
254
259
Genetic Distance-Maize (Zea mays L.)
Midparent Heterosis
Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs)
Specific Combining Ability (SCA)
Yield prediction
Rajab
Choukan
r_choukan@yahoo.com
1
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Shahid Fahmideh Blvd., P.O. Box 4119-31585, Karaj, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Marilyn L.
Warburton
2
International maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641 06600 Mexico D.F., Mexico
AUTHOR
Ajmone-Marsan P, Castiglioni P, Fusari F, Kuiper M, Motto M (1998). Genetic diversity and its relationship to hybrid performance in maize as revealed by RFLP and AFLP markers. Theor Appl Genet. 96: 219-227.
1
Bernardo R (1992). Relationship between single-cross performance and molecular marker heterozygosity. Theor Appl Genet. 83: 628-634.
2
Boppenmair J, Melchinger AE, Seit G, Geiger HH, Herrmann RG (1993). Genetic diversity for RFLPs in European maize inbreds: III. Performance of crosses within versus between heterotic groups for grain traits. Plant Breed. 111: 217-226.
3
Charcosset A, Lefort-Buson M, Gallias A (1991). Relationship between heterosis and heterozygosity at marker loci: A theoretical computation. Theor Appl Genet. 81: 571-575.
4
Choukan R, Warburton ML (2005). Use of SSR data to determine relationships among early maturing Iranian maize inbred lines. Maydica 50: 163-170.
5
Choukan R, Hossainzadeh A, Ghannadha MR, Talei AR, Mohammadi SA, Warburton ML (2006). Use of SSR data to determine relationships and potential heterotic groupings within medium to late maturing Iranian maize inbred lines. Field Crop Res. 95: 212-222.
6
Dhillon BS, Boppenmaier J, Pollmer WG, Herrman RG, Melchinger AE (1993). Relationship of restriction fragment length polymorphisms among European maize inbreds with ear dry matter yield of their hybrids. Maydica 38: 245-248.
7
Dubreuil P, Dufour P, Krejci E, Causse M, Vienne D, Gallais A, Charcosset A (1996). Organization of RFLP diversity among inbred lines of maize representing the most significant heterotic groups. Crop Sci. 36: 790-799.
8
Godshalk EB, Lee M, Lamkey KR (1990). Relationship of restriction fragment length polymorphism to single cross hybrid performance of maize. Theor Appl Genet. 80: 273-280.
9
Gonzalez S, Córdova H, Rodrigue S, de León H, Serrato VM (1997). Determinación de un patrón heterotico a partir de la evaluación de un dialelo de diez líneas de maiz subtropical. Agron Mesoam. 8: 1-7.
10
Hallauer AR, Lopez-Perez E (1979). Comparisons among testers for evaluating lines of corn. p. 57-75. In: Proc. 34th Annu. Corn and Sorghum Research Conference, Chicago, IL. Am. Seed Trade Assoc., Washingtone, D.C.
11
Hallauer AR, Russell WA, Lamkey KR (1988). Corn Breeding. In: Sprague GF, Dudley JW (eds.), Corn and Corn Improvement, 3rd ed. Agron. Monogr. 18, ASA, CSSA and SSSA, Madison, Wisconsin.
12
Kempthorne O (1957). An introduction to genetic statistic. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. London, Chapman and Hall, Ltd.
13
Lee M, Godshalk EB, Lamkey KR, Woodman WW (1989). Association of restriction fragment length polymorphisms among maize inbreds with agronomic performance of their crosses. Crop Sci. 29: 1067- 1071.
14
Livini C, Anjmone-Marsan P, Melchinger AE, Messmer MM, Motto M (1992). Genetic diversity of maize inbred lines within and among heterotic groups revealed by RFLPs. Theor Appl Genet. 84: 17-25.
15
Melchinger EA (1993). Use of RFLP markers for analysis of genetic relationships among breeding materials and prediction of hybrid performance. In: Buxton DR(ed.), International Crop Science Congress, CSSA, Madison, WI. pp. 621-628.
16
Melchinger AE, Lee M, Lamkey KR, Hallauer AR, Woodman WL (1990). Genetic diversity for restriction fragment length polymorphisms and heterosis for two diallel sets of maize inbreds. Theor Appl Genet. 80: 488-496.
17
Rogers JS (1972). Measures of genetic similarity and genetic distance. Studies in genetics. VII. Univ. Tex. Publ. 2713: 145-153.
18
Smith JSC, Smith OS (1992). Fingerprinting crop varieties. Adv Agron. 47: 85- 129.
19
Smith OS, Smith JSC, Bowen SL, Tenborg RA, Wall SJ (1990). Similarities among a group of elite maize inbreds as measured by pedigree, F1 grain yield, grain yield heterosis, and RFLPs. Theor Appl Genet. 80: 833-840.
20
Terron A, Preciado E, Córdova H, Mickelson H, López R (1997). Determinación del patrón heterotico de 30 líneas de maíz derivadas del la población 43 SR del CIMMYT. Agron Mesoamericana. 8: 26-34.
21
Vasal SK, Srinivasan G, Han GC, Gonzalez F (1992a). Heterotic patterns of eighty-eight white subtropical CIMMYT maize lines. Maydica 37: 319-327.
22
Vasal SK, Srinivasan G, Pandey S, Córdova H, Han GC, González F (1992b). Heterotic pattern of ninety-two white tropical CIMMYT mays lines. Maydica 37: 259-270.
23
Zhang Q, Zhou ZQ, Yang GP, Xu CG, Liu KD, Saghai-Maroof MA (1996). Molecular marker heterozygosity and hybrid performance in indica and japonica rice. Theor Appl Genet. 93: 1218-1224.
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Parentage Verification of Iranian Caspian Horse Using Microsatellites Markers
The present study was to construct a parentage verification system for Iranian Caspian horse. A total number of 45 Caspian horse samples including 14 foals for parentage verification, 17 stallion and 14 mare for individual identification were genotyped. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood and the genotype were analysed by PCR procedure and using 7 microsatellite markers (AHT04, HMS03, HMS06, HTG06, HTG07, LEX33 and VHL20). The number of alleles per locus varied from 3 to 4 with mean value of 3.86. The expected heterozygosity was ranged from 0.617 to 0.741 (mean 0.675), and the total exclusion probability (PE) of 7 microstellite loci was 0.973. All markers have relatively high polymorphic information content (PIC) value (> 0.6). All foals were qualified by compatibility according to the Mendelism. This study suggests that the DNA typing method has high potential for parentage testing and individual identification of Iranian Caspian horses.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6988_4bc4341f45e9702473b1e3db94b3d64d.pdf
2006-10-01
260
264
Iranian Caspian horse
Microsatellite
Parentage verification
Hamidreza
Seyedabadi
h_seyedabadi@asri.ir
1
Department of Biotechnology, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran (ASRI), P.O. Box 1483-31585, Karaj, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Cyrus
Amirinia
amirinia@asri.ir
2
Department of Biotechnology, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran (ASRI), P.O. Box 1483-31585, Karaj, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Hossein
Banabazi
hossein.banabazi@gmail.com
3
Department of Biotechnology, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran (ASRI), P.O. Box 1483-31585, Karaj, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Hossein
Emrani
h_emrani@asri.ir
4
Department of Biotechnology, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran (ASRI), P.O. Box 1483-31585, Karaj, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Afraz F, Esmaeelkhanian S, Seyedabadi HR (2005). Investigation on blood protein polymorphisms of Arab and Caspian miniature horses in IRAN. J Pajouhesh Sazandegi (In Farsi). 66: 33-38.
1
Binns M, Uolmes N, Holliman A (1995). The identification of polymorphic microsatellite loci in the horse and their use in thoroughbred parentage testing. Brit Vet J. 151: 9-15.
2
Bowling AT, Eggleston-Stott ML, Byrns G, Clark RS, Dileanis S, Wictum E (1997). Validation of microsatellite markers for routine horse parentage testing. Anim Genet. 28: 247-252.
3
Cho GJ, Cho BW (2004). Microsatellite DNA typing using 16 markers for parentage verification of the Korean native horse. Asian-Aust. J Anim Sci. 17: 750-754.
4
Cho GJ (2002). Microsatellite DNA polymorphism of Thoroughbred horses in Korea. Koean J Genet. 24: 177-182.
5
Coogle L, Bailey E, Reid R, Russ M (1996). Equine dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms at loci LEX002, -003, -004, -005, -007, -008, -009, -010,-011,-013 and -014. Anim Genet. 27: 126-127.
6
Dimsoski P (2003) Development of a 17-plex microsatellite polymerase chain reaction kit for genotyping horses. Croat Med J. 44: 332-335.
7
Ellegren H, Johansson M, Sandberg K, Andersson L (1992). Cloning of highly polymorphic microsatellites in the horse. Anim Genet. 23: 133-142.
8
Goldstein DB, Pollock DD (1997). Launching microsatellttes: a review of mutation. processes and methods of phylogenetic inference. J Hered. 88: 335-342.
9
Guerin G, Bertaud M, Amigues Y (1994). Characterization of seven new horse microsatellites: HMS1, HMS2, HMS3, HMS5, HMS6, HMS7 and HMS8. Anim Genet. 25: 62.
10
Hatami H, Pandit RV (1979). A cytogenetic study of the Caspian pony. J Reprod Fertil. 57:331-3.
11
Jakabova D, Trandzik J, Chrastina J (2002). Effectiveness of six highly polymorphic microsatellite markers in resolving paternity cases in Thoroughbred horses in Slovakia. Czech. J Anim Sci. 47: 497-501
12
Lee SY, Cho GJ (2006). Parentage testing of Thoroughbred horse in Korea using microsatellite DNA typing. J Vet Sci. 7: 63-67.
13
Litt M, Luty JA (1989). A hyper variable microsatellite revealed by in vitro amplification of a dinucleotide repeat within the cardiac muscle actin gene. Am J Hum Genet. 44: 397-401.
14
Luikart G, Biju-Duval MP, Ertugrul Y, Zagdsuren C, Maudet C, Taberlet P (1999). Power of 22 microsatellite markers in fluorescent multiplexes for parentage testing in goats (Capra hircus). Anim Genet. 30: 431-438.
15
Marklund S, Ellegren H, Eriksson S, Sandberg K, Andersson L (1994). Parentage testing and linkage analysis in the horse using a set of highly polymorphic microsatellites. Anim Genet. 25: 19-23.
16
Marshall TC, Slate J, Kruuk L, Pemberton JM (1998). Statistical confidence for likelihood-based paternity inference in natural populations. Mol Ecol. 7: 639-655.
17
Miller SA, Dykes DD, Polesky HF (1988). A simple salting out procedure for extracting DNA from human nucleated cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 16: 1215.
18
Sanguinetti CJ, Neto ED, Simpson AJG (1994). Rapid silver staining and recovery of PCR product separated on polyacrylamide gels. Biotechniques 17: 915-919.
19
Shahsavarani H, Rahimi G, Tozaki T, Sayyahzadeh H, Taghavi MJ, Dehestani A, Dordari S (2006). Using Microsatellite markers to estimate genetic variability in the Caspian horse breed. 8th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. August 13 to 18. Belo Horizonte. MG. Brazil.
20
Siegal M (1996). UC Davis Book of Horses: A Complete Medical Reference Guide for Horses and Foals. Haper Collins, New York. P: 126-134.
21
Tozaki T (2001). Characterization of equine microsatellites and repetitive elements, and validation of paternity testing for Thoroughbreds. Ph.D. Dissertation. Showa University. Japan.
22
Usha AP, Simpson SP, Williams JL (1994). Evaluation of microsatellite markers for parentage verification. In: Proceedings of the 24th ISAG Conference. Anim Genet. 25: 41.
23
Van Haeringen H, Bowling AT, Stott ML, Lenstra JA, Zwaagstra KA (1994). A highly polymorphic horse microsatellite locus: VHL20. Anim Genet. 25: 207.
24
Weir BS (1996). Genetic Data Analysis II. Sinauer Associates, Inc. Publishers Sunderland, Massachusetts. P: 228-230.
25
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Genetic Polymorphism of b-Lactoglobulin in Certain Iranian and Russian Sheep Breeds
b-lactoglobulin (Coded by the b-lg gene) is the major milk whey protein in ruminants. Studies have shown that this protein is polymorphic in many breeds of sheep as a result of a single base pair substitution in the b-lg gene that also gives rise to RsaI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Blood samples were collected from 391 animals belonging to 5 Iranian and 6 Russian sheep breeds. BLg5 and BLg3 primers amplified a 452 bp fragment from exon II of the ovine b-lg gene. RsaI enzyme was used for restriction analysis of PCR products. Overall, the frequency of alleles A and B in the studied breeds were stimated as 0.65 and 0.35, respectively. The genotype BB was not seen in the Iranian and Russian Karakul, except in the Afshari and Finnish Landrace, other populations were in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6984_cd2af42152e105c5763eeae6366b9257.pdf
2006-10-01
265
268
b-Lactoglobulin
Iranian sheep
Russian sheep
PCR-RFLP
Polymorphism
Amir
Mohammadi
amohamadi57@yahoo.com
1
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box 91775-1163 Mashhad, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Nassiry
2
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box 91775-1163 Mashhad, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Ghorban
Elyasi
3
Animal Science Group, Agriculture Research Center of East Azarbaijan Province, P. O. Box 53555-141, Azarshahr, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Jalil
Shodja
4
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture,Tabriz University, P. O. Box 51664, Tabriz, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Ali S, McGlenaghan M, Simons JP, Clark AJ (1990). Characterization of the alleles encoding ovine b-lactoglobulin A and B. Gene 91: 202-207.
1
Anton Z, Istvan K, Attila M, Sandor F, Andras L (1998). Genetic polymorphisms of milk proteins in Hungarian dairy sheep breeds and crosses, Sheep and Goat Production in Central and Eastern European Countries, Hungary, REU Technical Series 50: 224-226.
2
Barrilet F, Arranz JJ, Carta A (2005). Mapping quantitative trait loci for milk production and genetic polymorphisms of milk proteins in dairy sheeps. Genet Sel Evol. 37 (Suppl. 1): S109-S121.
3
Barillet F, Sanna S, Boichard D, Astruc JM, Carta M, Casu S (1993). Genetic evaluation of the Lacaune, Manech and Sarda dairy sheep with animal model. J Anim Prod 1(Suppl): 580-607.
4
Bochkarev VV, (1998). The molecular analysis of ß-lactoglobulin locus in the different sheep breeds. PhD. Thesis. Moscow University.
5
Bolla P, Caroli A, Mezzelani A, Rizzi R, Pagnacco G, Fraghi A, Casu S (1989). Milk protein markers and production in sheep. Anim Gen. 20: 78.
6
Boom R, Sol CJA, Salimans MMM, Jansen CL, Wertheim-Van Dillen PME, Van Der Noordaa J (1989). Rapid and simple method for purification of nucleic acids. J Clin Microbiol. 28: 495-503.
7
Di Stasio I, Portolano B, Todaro M, Fiandra P, Giaccone P, Finocchiaro R, Alicata ML (1997). Effect of ovine b-lactoglobulin phenotype on cheese yield and composition. In: Milk Protein Polymorphism. International Dairy Federation. Brussels, Belgium. P: 324-327.
8
Eignatev G (1998). Genetic polymorphisms of milk proteins in Russian sheep breeds and crosses. PhD. Thesis, Moscow University.
9
Erhardt G (1989). Evidence for a third allele at the b-lactoglobulin (BLg) locus of sheep milk and its occurrence in different breeds. Anim Genet. 20: 197-204.
10
Garzon AI, Martinez J (1992). b-lactoglobulin in Manchega sheep breed: Relationship with milk technological index in handcraft manufacture of manchego cheesse. XXIII Int Conf Anim Genet. Thenameis OK. PP: 137.
11
Kolde HJ, Braunitzer G (1983). The primary structure of ovine b-lactoglobulin. Milckwissenschaft 38: 70-72.
12
Kurcinskiene J, Vagonis G, Maleviciute J, Tapio I (2005). Genetic polymorphism of b-lactoglobulin in Lithuanian Blackface and Lithuanian Native Coarswooled sheep. Vet Zootech. 29: 90-92.
13
Nei M, Li WH (1979). Mathematical model for studying genetic variation in terms of the restriction endonucleases. Proc Nation Acad Sci USA. 76: 5269-5273.
14
Recio I, Fernandez-Fournier A, Martin-Alvarez PJ, Ramos M (1997).
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study of Genetic Variation in Wild Diploid Wheat (Triticum boeoticum) from Iran Using AFLP Markers
Little information is available regarding genetic variation in wild wheat relatives from Iran. In this study, genetic diversity of 36 populations of wild einkorn wheat, Triticum boeoticum, was studied using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) primer combinations. Seventeen AFLP primer combinations led to amplify 979 scorable fragments ranging from 50 to 500 bp and of these, 429 (44%) were polymorphic across the 36 populations. The average Dice genetic similarity between T. boeoticum populations was 0.67 (range= 0.18-0.98). The dendrogram derived by unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean algorithm (UPGMA) analysis revealed three main groups. PCO analysis also confirmed subgrouping obtained by cluster analysis. The measured relative genetic distances among accessions was not correlated with geographical distances of places of their origins, indicating that the populations are genetically different. The results demonstrated that AFLP technology is a suitable technique for genetic resource management in T. boeoticum populations of these studied origin sites.
https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_6987_6e7d6dc9617db5a16c030b220a99740a.pdf
2006-10-01
269
274
Triticum boeoticum
Molecular marker
AFLP
Genetic variability
Mahmmood
Malaki
1
Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 31587-77871, Karaj, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Naghavi
mnaghavi@ut.ac.ir
2
Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 31587-77871, Karaj, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hoshang
Alizadeh
3
Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 31587-77871, Karaj, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Payam
Potki
4
Biotechnology Institute, P.O. Box 31587-77871, Karaj, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Mehrbanoo
Kazemi
5
Biotechnology Institute, P.O. Box 31587-77871, Karaj, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Mostafa
Pirseyedi
6
Biotechnology Institute, P.O. Box 31587-77871, Karaj, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Mardi
mardi@abrii.ac.ir
7
Biotechnology Institute, P.O. Box 31587-77871, Karaj, IR Iran
AUTHOR
SM
Fakhre-Tabatabaei
8
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 31535-1897, Karaj, IR Iran
AUTHOR
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