Comparison of proliferation and osteoblast differentiation of marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on nano- and micro-hydroxyapatite contained composite scaffolds

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, P.O. Box 19395-4644, Tehran, I.R. Iran.

2 Department of Polymeric Biomaterials, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box 115/14965, Tehran, I.R. Iran.

3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15876/4413,Tehran, I.R. Iran.

Abstract

Bones constructed by tissue engineering are being considered as valuable materials to be used for regeneration of large defects in natural bone. In an attempt to prepare a new bone construct, in this study, proliferation and bone differentiation of marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on our recently developed composite scaffolds of nano-, micro-hydroxyapatite/ poly(l-lactic acid) were compared with pure
poly(l-lactic acid) scaffolds. For this purpose, some passaged-3 rat MSCs were three-dimensionally cultivated
on the scaffold surfaces and their morphology was observed with scanning electron microscopy. Cell
proliferations on different scaffolds were examined by MTT assays. Osteogenic cultures were established
with the scaffolds loaded with MSCs for 21 days at the end of which culture mineralization; the cell alkaline
phosphatase (ALP) Level and the relative expression of selected bone specific genes were quantified and
compared to each other. Our results indicated that the cells having been adhered and assumed spherical
morphology were able to proliferate in all studied scaffolds. The microenvironment provided by nano-scaffolds
appeared much better medium than those of micro-scaffolds and pure PLLA (P < 0.05). The osteogenesis
assays indicated to the superiority of nanoscaffolds in supporting MSCs undergoing bone differentiation,
which was reflected in high cellular ALP levels, increased bone-related gene expression and enhanced culture mineralization. Collectively, the bone construct prepared with nano-hydroxyapatite/ poly (llactic acid) scaffold and proliferated MSCs would be suitable candidate for use in bone regenerative medicine.

Keywords

Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
Volume 8, Issue 4
October 2010
Pages 234-242

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